Implementación de tecnologías IoT para la reducción del consumo energético en oficinas inteligentes mediante el control de la iluminación

Fabian Peña de Loza; Francisco Javier Ibarra Villegas

doi:10.37636/recit.v7n3e332

Authors

Fabian Peña de Loza Posgrado CIATEQ Centro de Tecnología Avanzada, A.C., Stgo. De Querétaro, 76150, Querétaro, México https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2108-7082
Francisco Javier Ibarra Villegas CIATEQ Centro de Tecnología Avanzada, A.C. Centro de Tecnología Avanzada, Stgo. De Querétaro, 76150, Querétaro, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5064-8660

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v7n3e332

Keywords:

IoT (Internet of things), Node-red, MQTT, Energy efficiency, Smart offices

Abstract

According to a 2017 IEA report, energy consumption in buildings accounts for approximately one-third of the total energy consumption worldwide. Additionally, lighting represents 19% of electricity consumption globally. Given these data, there is a need to implement a solution to reduce these energy consumptions. One way to achieve this is by implementing devices that can turn work areas into smart spaces. The objective of this project is to implement a smart office by monitoring and controlling the energy consumption of electrical devices through IoT technologies, achieving significant energy savings while providing comfort to the office personnel. To achieve this, various sensors were installed, including door sensors to detect their state (open or closed), presence sensors (to determine if there are people in specific areas), and actuators. Based on the signals transmitted by these installed sensors scenes were created to enable automatic control of lighting. The central controller used for this purpose was the Raspberry Pi 4, and the Node-Red tool was integrated to establish communication between IoT devices. Node-Red is a flow-based development tool for visual programming that allows the connection of hardware devices, APIs, and online services. This tool facilitated the integration of different sensors and brands, and the programming of different scenes to achieve automatic energy savings. Furthermore, communication was established with a cloud to monitor and control the implemented system remotely, using the MQTT communication protocol. MQTT is a data transmission protocol designed for machine-to-machine data transition. A message broker server receives transmissions from devices that "publish" information on specific "topics" and subsequently delivers those messages to other machines that "subscribe" to those specific "topics." The HiveMQ services were used for this purpose, enabling the connection of up to 100 devices for free. The result of the project is a system that can be controlled remotely, and due to the implemented technologies, has generated energy savings of 6.1%. This saving reduces operational costs and supports the office´s sustainability goals. Additionally, the system provides comfort for the people working in the office. It is worth mentioning that this project is scalable, meaning that as the office expands its facilities, the system can be modified to add the necessary sensors and actuators to control the expansion effectively.

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