REVISTA DE CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS

Dispenser prototype for sales optimization in different sectors

Mon, 22 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this work is to create a prototype of an automated system for the dispensing of various products, such as seeds, cereals, nails, screws, among others, with the objective of benefiting both the consumer and the supplier. A dispensing machine will be used that will use automation and dosing to provide an efficient service. In addition, it seeks to reduce direct contact between the customer and the vendor, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, where the exchange of currency has been identified as a means of contagion [1]. It is important to note that the most appropriate methodological approach for this project is quantitative, as it focuses on collecting essential data for more effective analysis and development. Also, the dispenser will not be limited to a single type of product, but will be versatile and adaptable for use in different industries, allowing its operation 24 hours a day. For the development of this prototype, the proposed materials are MDF and acrylic, together with 3D printing and the use of SolidWorks software, the Wokwi platform for the simulation of the system and its components, hardware and software that will allow the operation of dosing, product selection and charging. In addition, the Arduino IDE will be used for the programming and the code in the ESP32 microcontroller, which will help the prototype to be beneficial in terms of the relationship between the system and the customer.

Integrated management system ISO 9001:2015, ISO 17020:2012 and ISO 17025:2017 for hydrocarbon compliance

María Guadalupe Aboytes Pérez, Andrea Berenice García Celestin — Sat, 13 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the key steps for the integration of the international standards ISO 9001:2015 (Quality management systems - Requirements), ISO 17020:2012 (Conformity assessment. Requirements for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspections) and ISO 17025:2017 (General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories) focused on conformity assessment bodies such as inspection unit and calibration laboratory in Mexico that addresses the needs of the hydrocarbon sector, with the purpose of homologating the processes for the conformation of an Integrated Management System (IMS) that meets the requirements of the standards in question; such methodology basically consists of 4 stages, which are: Analysis and identification of similar and divergent requirements, commitment of top management, identification of stakeholders and development of an integration framework; This integration methodology was carried out because the calibration laboratories and inspection units that offer services to the hydrocarbon sector require an integral and adapted approach due to their commitment with quality and regulatory compliance. Therefore, it is concluded that by applying the methodology, the integration of the international standards of interest was correctly achieved, thus obtaining the traceability of the processes, which will increase the operational efficiency of the agencies before the services offered to the hydrocarbon sector in the value chain (Upstream, Midstream, and Downstream).

Determination of the hygroexpansion properties of wood-based composite panels

Javier Ramon Sotomayor Castellanos, Isarael Macedo Alquicira — Tue, 09 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Wood panels expand when exposed to moisture in service conditions. Consequently, their performance as an engineering material is impoverished and results in repair and/or replacement costs. The objective of the research was to determine the densities and hygroexpansions of plywood, strandboard, medium density and oriented strandboard. The same parameters were evaluated on a control group of Pinus pseudostrobus solid wood. Thirty-five randomly selected specimens were prepared from each material. Hygroscopy tests were performed with a protocol of humidification and drying of the experimental material. The hygroexpansions of plywood, strandboard, medium density and oriented strandboard are different compared to the hygroexpansion of P. pseudostrobus solid wood. Wood and wood-based panels exhibit hygroscopic character, which results in dimensional variation if their moisture content is changed. The magnitudes of the hygroexpansions of the four boards studied are greater than that of solid wood of P. pseudostrobus.

Processing of blast furnace collector dusts for their utilization in the steel industry

Wed, 10 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The production of pig iron involves the generation of by-products such as collector dusts, which are attractive due to their Fe content. However, they cannot be directly reused because of their high content of Zn and alkalis. Therefore, this research aims to explore their utilization through acid leaching. To achieve this, a sample was processed through grinding (1h) and low-intensity magnetic separation, and then the effect of hydrochloric acid as a leaching agent was evaluated at each stage of the process (0.10, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0M HCl). Furthermore, the effect of temperature was analyzed for the system with 1M HCl. The results indicate that working with systems with high HCl concentration in both fresh and ground material made it possible to dissolve up to 65% Zn content in the initial sample (with 38.8% Fe). On the other hand, leaching the magnetically treated dusts achieved Zn solutions of 56% and 65% for 1 and 2 cleaning cycles, respectively. Regarding the Fe content, an increase was observed compared to the initial content, reaching from 53.8% to 59% Fe (making its processing feasible). Furthermore, as the temperature increased, the leaching of Zn was privileged, reaching up to 74% dissolution at 85°C. In the case of Na₂O, P, and K₂O dissolution, an increase in working temperature accelerated the dissolution kinetics. However, in the case of Fe, an increase in working temperature led to a decrease in its concentration. Lastly, thermodynamic analysis determined the ∆G° values of the reactions, indicating their spontaneity, i.e., they occur without the need of applied energy. In conclusion, it was possible to compare the effect of leaching systems at each stage of processing. At room temperature, leaching of the untreated dust achieved up to 65% Zn dissolution with 38.8% Fe, and after 2 rounds of magnetic cleaning, a dissolution of 65% Zn with a 61.4% Fe content is attained. By increasing the temperature, most of the reactions involved in the leaching process are catalyzed, especially the zinc dissolution (up to 74%). The feasibility of the involved reactions can be supported through thermodynamics.

Biomaterials based on mycelium: biotabique prototype from the Bajío region of Mexico

Fri, 19 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Mycelium-based biomaterials are the result of cultivating fungi in organic materials, such as agricultural waste. This presents a promising alternative for developing new materials. Our study focuses on developing biobrick using mycelium prototypes and agricultural organic waste, specifically straw from crops in León, Guanajuato. We found that factors like light, humidity, and temperature conditions can influence the development of the biomaterial. Additionally, the drying process of the biomaterial, also be taken into consideration.

Review of non-destructive methods for the evaluation of resistance spot welding in the automotive industry

Fri, 19 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Resistance spot welding is a common technique in the manufacturing industry, especially in the automotive sector in Mexico, due to its versatility and ease of implementation. The evaluation of the quality of these welds is crucial, and there are multiple methods for this, making the choice of the most suitable one complicated. This article presents a literature review focused on non-destructive methods for confirming the quality of resistance spot welding. Techniques such as ultrasonic inspection, infrared thermography, and computer vision, among others, are highlighted. The methodology employed includes a comparative analysis of recent studies to identify the best practices and applications in the quality assessment of spot welding. The results of this review provide a comprehensive guide for researchers and professionals, facilitating the selection of appropriate methods for specific applications.

Metanalysis of the development of artificial intelligence and the internet of things: the transformation of work and life

Mon, 15 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are changing the way we live and work by enabling seamless technology integration in our daily lives. This study explores the literature on the integration of AI and IoT to create intelligent systems that can autonomously make decisions and perform tasks based on real-time data from connected devices. This paper presents a meta-analysis of the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in decision-making processes, as well as in Industry 4.0 and 5.0. The study analyzed relevant records from the Web of Science database, evaluating research output, authorship, collaboration, institutional and geographical distribution, and impact. The results indicate that China has the highest number of total publications and total citations, followed by the USA and India. The study offers valuable insights into the scientific and technological advancements of various regions, their level of international collaboration, and their impact on the field of AI-IoT. The trend of publications indicates that Computer Science, Engineering, and Telecommunications are prominent and steadily growing fields. However, there has been a recent emergence and increase in Chemistry, Instruments & Instrumentation, and Material Science, which are contributing to the development of AI-IoT.