Modelo numérico de un maniquí cabeza-cuello para pruebas de choque

Dariusz Szwedowicz; Quirino Estrada; Elva Lilia Reynoso Jardón; Julio Vergara-Vazquez; Jesús Silva-Aceves; Lara Wiebe Quintana; Alejandro Rodríguez-Méndez; Alfredo Ramírez

doi:10.37636/recit.v6n2e249

Autores/as

Dariusz Szwedowicz Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (TecNM CENIDET), Interior Internado Palmira S/N, Palmira, 62490 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
Quirino Estrada Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-3780
Elva Lilia Reynoso Jardón Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-2822
Julio Vergara-Vazquez Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería, Campus Palenque (UPIIP)/IPN, México 199, Nueva Esperanza, 29960 Palenque, Chiapas, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-7914
Jesús Silva-Aceves Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México
Lara Wiebe Quintana Ingeniería en Diseño y Automatización Agrícola, División Cuauhtémoc, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juarez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-0885
Alejandro Rodríguez-Méndez Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States
José Alfredo Ramírez Monares Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2295-4804

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v6n2e249

Palabras clave:

Modelo antropomórfico, Maniquí de pruebas, método de elemento finito, Prueba de péndulo, Cabeza-cuello

Resumen

Cuando un choque automotriz ocurre, la energía de impacto se transfiere a los pasajeros lo cual provoca lesiones graves y decesos. Con el objeto de analizar el efecto de las cargas dinámicas en el cuerpo humano, el uso de maniquíes de impacto está en incremento. Sin embargo, su costo es demasiado alto, así como su accesibilidad. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo propone el diseño y desarrollo de un modelo discreto que representa la cabeza y cuello de un maniquí para pruebas de impacto utilizando el software de elemento finito Abaqus. El modelo está conformado por cabeza, región cervical (cuello) incluyendo discos cervicales y discos intervertebrales. La evaluación del conjunto cabeza-cuello se llevó a cabo a través de una prueba de péndulo. Durante la evaluación de parámetros tales como la aceleración, la fuerza de velocidad y posición angular de la cabeza fueron obtenidos. Finalmente, los resultados de la viabilidad del modelo fueron validados mediante el fenómeno de latigazo.

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