Desarrollo y rediseño de envases flexibles bajo criterios de sostenibilidad
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https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v7n1e253Palabras clave:
Economía circular, Desarrollo sostenible, Reciclabilidad, Monomaterial, Envases flexiblesResumen
La economía circular y el desarrollo sostenible son temas críticos hoy en día, dada la creciente contaminación ambiental provocada por los residuos sólidos, especialmente los plásticos. Además, los residuos plásticos han generado importantes preocupaciones sociales y han alertado a los diseñadores de productos plásticos. Por lo tanto, desarrollar o rediseñar productos plásticos en la industria del embalaje flexible es imperativo para garantizar su reciclabilidad al final de su ciclo de vida. Es necesario garantizar que las propiedades mecánicas y de barrera de los envases de plástico ecológicos permanezcan intactas para usos específicos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo rediseñar los envases flexibles, enfocándose en proporcionar las propiedades mecánicas y de barrera del envase adecuadas para aplicaciones de la industria alimentaria, ofreciendo así una solución a través de nuevas propuestas de diseño que permitan el desarrollo de envases sostenibles y flexibles, enfatizando en la reducción de materiales y la reciclabilidad. Este estudio evaluó y comparó las propiedades mecánicas del embalaje propuesto con las de los productos existentes. Los resultados demostraron la viabilidad de reducir el espesor de la película plástica o eliminar capas en una estructura trilaminada y realizar la transición a una estructura bilaminada. Este ajuste no comprometió las propiedades mecánicas y de barrera; la barrera de oxígeno se mantuvo en 35.39 cc/m2*día y la humedad se situó en 0.57 mg/m2*día. Esta investigación condujo a una reducción del 26.48% en el consumo de materia prima de bobinas laminadas y un 12.68% en empaque tipo doypack utilizadas en aplicaciones alimentarias. En consecuencia, la disminución del uso de materiales y la adopción de estructuras monomateriales minimizaron significativamente el impacto ambiental de la contaminación por desechos plásticos debido a la posibilidad de reciclar mecanicamente el producto final.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Johnatan Gabriel Bernal-Carrillo, Fernando Sebastián Chiwo-González, Ana del Carmen Susunaga-Notario, Mayra del Ángel–Monroy, Hugo Arcos–Gutiérrez, Isaías Emmanuel Garduño-Olvera
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