Influencia estadística del NH4OH, número de capas y volumen de gota en el desarrollo de recubrimientos ultra-hidrofóbicos basados en nanopartículas de SiO2
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https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v5n1e190Palabras clave:
Recubrimientos ultra-hidrofóbicos, Diseño de experimentos, Nanopartículas de SiO2, Método sol-gel, TransparenciaResumen
Los recubrimientos ultra-hidrofóbicos son de interés en aplicaciones de automoción, aeronáutica y construcción y en general en cualquier zona o superficie donde sea favorable el uso de superficies altamente hidrofugantes, con propiedades autolimpiantes, antihielo y anticorrosión. En los últimos años, varios investigadores han propuesto diferentes métodos físicos y químicos para obtener una condición altamente hidrofóbica. En este artículo se describe la fabricación de un coloide a base de nanopartículas de SiO2 para fabricar recubrimientos hidrofóbicos con ángulos de contacto superiores a 140º. Con la ayuda de un diseño de experimentos y la fabricación de un coloide a base de SiO2 por el método coloidal, se analizaron tres factores con sus correspondientes niveles y su influencia para maximizar el ángulo de contacto. El coloide fabricado se pulverizó y se colocó en capas sobre el vidrio. En todos los materiales donde se aplicó el recubrimiento se obtuvieron ángulos de contacto estático (SCA) entre 120º y 160º. Los resultados por espectroscopía UV-Vis indican que la transparencia es superior al 68% y que esto depende directamente de las capas aplicadas por proyección y de la calidad de la película formada. Los espectros FT-IR respaldan la formación de nanopartículas de SiO2, la presencia de grupos -OH en las diferentes etapas del proceso de fabricación de coloides y enlaces C-F. La composición y morfología se analizaron mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido por emisión de campo (FESEM). Las micrografías FESEM se analizaron en busca de soluciones ultra hidrofóbicas y mostraron aglomeración de nanopartículas. Como trabajo a futuro se propone analizar la resistencia al desgaste de los recubrimientos, su durabilidad y ángulo de deslizamiento, mejorando sus propiedades hidrofóbicas.
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