Development of a machining allowance model for rectangular pocket  milling operations

Tung Tran Thanh; Nguyen Thi Anh; Nguyen Xuan Quynh; Tran Vu Minh

doi:10.37636/recit.v9n3e498

Autores/as

Tran Thanh Tung Faculty of Engineering Mechanics and Automation, VNU University of Engineering and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-9006

Conflictos de interés

No expresa conflicto de intereses
Nguyen Thi Anh Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8903-6939

Conflictos de interés

No expresa conflicto de intereses
Nguyen Xuan Quynh School of Mechanical Engineering, Ha Noi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6815-7579

Conflictos de interés

No expresa conflicto de intereses
Tran Vu Minh School of Mechanical Engineering, Ha Noi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-9217

Conflictos de interés

No expresa conflicto de intereses

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v9n3e498

Palabras clave:

Margen de mecanizado, Fresado de cavidades, Optimización multiobjetivo, Consumo de energía, Fuerza de corte

Resumen

El margen de mecanizado desempeña un papel fundamental en la determinación de la productividad, el consumo de energía, la fuerza de corte y la precisión dimensional en las operaciones de fresado de cavidades; sin embargo, en la práctica industrial, suele seleccionarse de forma empírica. Este estudio propone un marco analítico y de optimización para determinar un margen de mecanizado eficiente en el fresado de cavidades rectangulares. Se desarrollan modelos matemáticos para cuantificar el consumo total de energía, el tiempo de mecanizado y la fuerza de corte periférica en función de los parámetros de corte y la distribución del margen entre las etapas de fresado de desbaste y acabado. Se formula y resuelve un problema de optimización multiobjetivo mediante el algoritmo genético de clasificación no dominada II (NSGA-II) para minimizar simultáneamente el consumo de energía, el tiempo de mecanizado y la fuerza de corte. Se realiza una validación experimental en piezas de polímero y se compara con los parámetros recomendados por CAM. Los resultados muestran que la solución óptima de Pareto equilibrada reduce el tiempo de mecanizado de 5 min 58,52 s a 2 min 26,47 s (lo que corresponde a una reducción aproximada del 59 %) y disminuye la fuerza de corte periférica de 698,18 N a 382,73 N (lo que corresponde a una reducción aproximada del 45 %), al tiempo que alcanza la profundidad de cavidad objetivo de aproximadamente 22 mm y elimina el sobremecanizado de ~2 mm observado con la configuración predeterminada de CAM. Una solución de energía mínima reduce aún más el consumo de energía de 0,44 kWh a 0,267 kWh, pero a costa de un aumento significativo de la fuerza de corte (1203,45 N). Estos resultados indican que tratar el margen de mecanizado como una variable de optimización permite realizar compensaciones sistemáticas entre productividad, consumo de energía, fuerza de corte y precisión dimensional, ofreciendo una alternativa práctica a la selección de parámetros convencional basada en CAM.

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