Análisis estructural del diseño generativo aplicado a órtesis plantares ergonómicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v9n2e448Palabras clave:
Análisis de elementos finitos, Diseño generativo, Ergonomía, Materiales elastoméricosResumen
Las órtesis plantares son dispositivos diseñados para proporcionar soporte y corregir la biomecánica del pie. El diseño generativo ofrece un gran potencial para la personalización; sin embargo, el análisis de su comportamiento estructural continúa siendo un desafío significativo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la optimización estructural de órtesis diseñadas mediante diseño generativo en comparación con los modelos tradicionales. Se realizó un análisis de 33 hombres adultos de mediana edad clasificados como normopeso, con un peso promedio de 65.32 ± 6.79 kg a partir de una base de datos de baropodometría. Se diseñó mediante modelado paramétrico una órtesis optimizada para evaluar su respuesta mecánica en condiciones de bipedestación estática, utilizando el método de elementos finitos con el material TPU A95. Los resultados indicaron que las estructuras trabeculares producidas mediante diseño generativo absorben más energía (0.3876 J) que una órtesis bilaminada confeccionada con materiales EVA A40 y A15 (0.0362 J). Los niveles de deformación obtenidos (deformación principal máxima = 1.34%, deformación elástica equivalente = 2.14%) indican que la composición del modelo generativo funciona bien dentro del régimen elástico, asegurando la integridad estructural. Sin embargo, los bajos valores de deformación y energía de deformación sugieren un comportamiento relativamente rígido, lo que puede restringir la capacidad de absorción de impactos. La principal contribución de este estudio es demostrar cómo el diseño generativo puede integrarse en metodologías para diseñar órtesis plantares. Explora los posibles beneficios de este enfoque y examina cómo los parámetros generativos del diseño influyen en las respuestas mecánicas. Esta investigación proporciona una base técnica para optimizar las órtesis ergonómicas mediante modelado estructural y diseño generativo. Los hallazgos subrayan el potencial del diseño generativo para crear órtesis optimizadas y destacan la importancia de los parámetros de diseño en los resultados alcanzados. Esta información es valiosa para futuras aplicaciones del diseño generativo en el campo de la ergonomía.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Christian Enrique Nava-Alcantar, Agustín Vidal-Lesso, Marco Antonio Martínez-Bocanegra, Luis Ángel Ortiz-Lango, Juan Carlos García-Valadez, Sergio Alonso-Romero, Israel Miguel-Andres
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