Interfaces selectivas para recuperar Ag(I) de lixiviados de e-waste: evaluación de eficiencia basada en DEA

Ivan Avila Raya; Rodrigo Gómez Monge; Rodrigo Tavera Ochoa; Alfonso Lemus Solorio; José Luis Rivera Rojas; Salomón Ramiro Vásquez García

doi:10.37636/recit.v9n1e435

Autores/as

Ivan Avila Raya División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH). Edificio IQ, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3894-834X

Conflictos de interés

No
Rodrigo Gómez Monge Facultad de Economía “Vasco de Quiroga”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH). Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, C.P. 58030, (Ciudad Universitaria; Edificio T, Planta Alta), Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8393-2855

Conflictos de interés

No
Rodrigo Tavera Ochoa Facultad de Economía “Vasco de Quiroga”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH). Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, C.P. 58030, (Ciudad Universitaria; Edificio T, Planta Alta), Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3256-4375

Conflictos de interés

No
Alfonso Lemus Solorio División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH). Edificio IQ, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2736-5600

Conflictos de interés

No
José Luis Rivera Rojas Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas “Mat. Luis Manuel Rivera Gutiérrez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH). Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio ALFA, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-7841

Conflictos de interés

No
Salomón Ramiro Vásquez García División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH). Edificio IQ, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-7183

Conflictos de interés

No

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v9n1e435

Palabras clave:

e-waste, plata, interfaz selectiva, celda de difusión, UV-Vis, DEA, eficiencia

Resumen

Se analizó la eficiencia de interfaces selectivas de separación (ISS) diseñadas para recuperar Ag(I) a partir de lixiviados de e-waste mediante Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA) como esquema de evaluación multicriterio. Las ISS se obtuvieron por disolución–moldeado–evaporación, empleando triacetato de celulosa como soporte polimérico, disuelto en diclorometano, y tris(2-etilhexil) fosfato (TEHP) como componente acarreador. Los ensayos de transporte se efectuaron en una celda de difusión de dos compartimentos bajo condiciones controladas (V_d = 80 mL, V_a = 80 mL, A = 4.9 cm², 500 rpm y 180 min). La concentración de Ag(I) se determinó por espectrofotometría UV-Vis a 404 nm mediante una calibración externa (Abs = 0.0052·C_{Ag(I)} + 0.0149; r = 0.9998; C en ppm), con corrección de fondo mediante blanco de matriz. Se aplicó un modelo DEA BCC orientado a salidas a 18 configuraciones experimentales (DMUs), usando como entradas el espesor de la ISS (δ), la concentración del acarreador (C_{car}) y el consumo energético (E), y como salidas la extracción (%), el flujo (J) y la selectividad (S). El análisis ubicó 9 DMUs en la frontera eficiente (score = 1.000), mientras que las alternativas no eficientes demandaron expansiones de salida de hasta Φ = 1.328 (≈32.8%) para igualar el mejor desempeño observado. En conjunto, los resultados permiten jerarquizar diseños de ISS con mayor capacidad de recuperación de plata y mejor aprovechamiento de recursos.

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