“Growth effect of Lactuca S. grown hydroponically and exposed to multi-walled NTC”

This research evaluated the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) during the initial growth phases of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The study integrated in vitro assays in Murashige and Skoog media, using hydroponic methods with Italian-origin seeds under controlled temperature and luminescence conditions. The results showed a dose-dependent biological response. Subsequent physical characterization of the MWCNTs, particularly their morphology, identified an optimal concentration with a biostimulatory effect, which significantly promoted root elongation. In contrast, higher concentrations induced inhibitory effects on morphological development, suggesting the existence of a phytotoxicity threshold. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential of MWCNTs as tools for optimizing agricultural productivity in the context of nanoagriculture and provide a scientific basis for designing highly efficient hydroponic cultivation strategies using nanotechnology.